Bacillus subtilis widely exists in nature. It is not only active in the external environment such as soil, plant rhizosphere and body surface, but also common endogenous bacteria in plants. It is non-toxic and harmless to human beings and animals, it does not pollute the environment and has remarkable antibacterial activity and strong resilience.

Bacillus subtilis grows fast and has simple nutrition. It can produce heat-resistant and stress-resistant spores and can be made into various dosage forms. It can be mixed with chemical pesticides without deactivation. Moreover, the mass production process is simple and the cost is low, convenient application and long storage period. It is a necessary medicine for planting and production!

Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis

The effects of Bacillus subtilis on plants are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. Competition between nutrition and spatial sites
The competition of Bacillus subtilis mainly includes nutrition competition and spatial site competition. It can reproduce and colonize rapidly and in large quantities in plant rhizosphere, body surface, body and soil, effectively repelling, preventing and interfering with the colonization and infection of plant pathogenic microorganisms on plants, so as to achieve the effects of bacteriostasis and disease prevention.

2. Produce antibacterial substances
Bacillus subtilis can produce a variety of substances with bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects in the growth process, such as Bacillus subtilis, organic acid, antibacterial protein, etc. These substances can inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, even destroy the structure of bacteria and kill pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, Bacillus subtilis has a good effect on the prevention and treatment of diseases such as stubble disease, root rot, gray mold, etc.

3. Enhance immunity and promote growth
Bacillus subtilis can secrete active matter, activate the plant defense system, enhance the immunity and disease resistance of crops, and reduce or eliminate the harm of pathogenic bacteria to plants. It can also promote the growth and development of seeds, seedlings and root systems of various plants, enhance the disease resistance of plants, thus indirectly reducing the occurrence of diseases. For example, increase the formation of auxin such as indoleacetic acid, stimulate the development of crop root system and enhance photosynthesis. At the same time, the substances that are difficult to absorb in the soil are converted into substances that are easy to be absorbed by crops, so as to promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by crops and improve the utilization rate of fertilizers.

4. Induce plants to produce resistance
Bacillus subtilis can not only directly inhibit plant pathogenic bacteria, but also enhance plant disease resistance by inducing plant's own disease resistance potential. For example, Bacillus subtilis, a biocontrol bacterium of rice sheath blight, can induce the activity of enzymes (POD, AKT and SOD) related to disease resistance in rice leaf sheath cells to increase and achieve the effect of disease resistance.

5. Improve soil structure
Bacillus subtilis forms a probiotic environment in the soil, promotes the formation of pellet structure, improves the ability of soil to keep fertilizer and water, increases the degree of soil looseness, and promotes the growth of root system. The specific performance is to accelerate the mineralization of nutrient and change the nutrient from ineffective state and slow-acting state to effective state and quick-acting state. At the same time, accelerate the humification of nutrients, secrete phytase, degrade most of the phytate in the soil; Produce auxin, stimulate the growth of crops, and improve the survival rate and emergence rate of seeds.

Distinguishing advantages and disadvantages of Bacillus subtilis
Lev Tolstoy once said: happy people are similar, and unfortunate people have their own misfortunes. So we won't discuss much about the high-quality Bacillus subtilis. Let's take a look at the routine of these fake and shoddy bacillus.

① The price is cheap. Generally, some hormones or fertilizers are used to pretend, that is, they are sold completely as fertilizers.

② The effect is very fast, and it will take effect on the same day.

(3) it is easy to cause premature aging of crops after use, because the quality and yield of hormone decrease instead.

In a word, the Real Bacillus subtilis is a kind of biological preparation, which has a good growth regulation effect on crops and soil. It is basically multifunctional and cannot only work on one point, the most important thing is that its use effect is cumulative and cannot be achieved by pure fertilizer or hormone.

Bacillus subtilis has the following effects on improving soil and crop quality.
1. Antibiotic effect
Anti-biotic effect refers to the inhibitory effect on the growth and metabolism of pathogenic microorganisms by producing metabolites at low concentrations, thus affecting the survival and activities of pathogenic microorganisms. For nearly half a century, many effective antibacterial substances have been isolated and purified from metabolites of different strains of Bacillus subtilis.

2. Lysozyme effect
The lysozyme effect of Bacillus subtilis is mainly manifested in that it is adsorbed on the mycelium of pathogenic bacteria, and grows along with the growth of mycelium, and then produces lysozyme substance, causing protoplast leakage and causing mycelium fracture; or produce antibacterial substances by dissolving the cell wall or cell membrane of pathogenic bacteria spores, resulting in cell wall perforation, deformity and other phenomena, thus inhibiting spore germination.

3. Induce plants to produce resistance and promote plant growth
Inducing plant resistance refers to the effect that Bacillus subtilis can not only inhibit plant pathogenic bacteria, but also induce plant's own disease resistance mechanism to enhance plant's disease resistance. What is PGPR? In the world, rhizosphere self-growing bacteria that can promote plant growth in soil are commonly referred to as bacteria in plant rooting circle. Bacillus subtilis has the strongest stress resistance, the most functions, the widest adaptability and the most stable effect. Bacillus subtilis can produce substances similar to cytokinin and plant HGH, promote the growth of plants and make plants resist the invasion of pathogenic bacteria.

4. Protect the environment.
Bacillus subtilis is widely used in biological fertilizers. When used for crops or soil, it can colonize in the rhizosphere or body of crops and play a specific fertilizer effect. At present, microbial fertilizers are cultivating soil fertility, improving the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, inhibiting the absorption of nitrate nitrogen, heavy metals and pesticides by crops, purifying and repairing soil, and reducing the occurrence of crop diseases, promote the decomposition and utilization of crop straws and municipal waste. Improving the quality of crop products and food safety has played an irreplaceable role.

5. Effect of Bacillus subtilis on respiratory intensity of soil microorganisms
As one of the indicators of soil biological activity, soil respiratory intensity can reflect the transformation and supply capacity of soil nutrients to a certain extent, the change and direction of its respiratory rate also reflect the sensitivity and response mode of the ecosystem to stress, which is an important indicator of environmental safety evaluation. When the soil is polluted by external pollutants, microorganisms may need more energy to maintain survival, which makes the metabolic activity of soil microorganisms respond to varying degrees. Studies have shown that Bacillus subtilis treated with various mass fraction shows the stimulating effect on soil respiration, and the greater the mass fraction of Bacillus subtilis in soil, the greater the stimulating effect on soil respiration intensity, that is, there is a positive correlation between the stimulation intensity and the mass fraction of the application.

6. Effect of Bacillus subtilis on soil urease activity
Using soil enzymes as monitoring indicators to evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of pesticides has become one of the research hotspots in the field of environmental science. Urease belongs to a kind of hydrolytic enzyme that has been deeply studied in soil, and is the only enzyme that has a significant impact on the conversion of urea in soil and the utilization rate of urea. After urea is applied to human soil, it is rapidly decomposed into carbon dioxide and ammonia under the catalytic action of urease, so the decrease of soil urease activity can not only slow down the hydrolysis of urea, so that the hydrolysate can be adsorbed more by the soil, thus effectively reducing the volatilization loss of ammonia, the hydrolysate of urea, and possibly reducing the nitration potential of NH. Studies have shown that all the soil treated with Bacillus subtilis has a stimulating effect on soil urease. Among them, the urease activity of the treatment with the highest mass fraction (3200 mg/kg dry soil) increased to the highest on the 28th day, and the stimulation rate reached 101.07%. The mechanism of urease stimulation by Bacillus subtilis may be that the addition of microbial pesticides provides carbon source and nutrition for the growth of microorganisms, thus increasing the number and activity of microorganisms that produce this enzyme, therefore, the activity of urease in soil is correspondingly enhanced.

From Shuntian BIotechnology